Aerosol Jet Process applies Aerodynamics Schematic for 2.5D/3D Direct Electronics Printing:

1) Functional ink placed in ultrasonic/Pneumatic atomizer,

2) Highly loaded aerosol droplets ca 2-5 um created,

3) Sheath gas focuses aerosol mist creating beam diameter 10 um to 2.5 mm based on flow rate and nozzle diameter (and material and surface dependent), it also serves to insulate the nozzle from material contact prevent clogging.

4) Long beam focal length (1-5mm) allows printing on non-planar surfaces or 3D substrates